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Jakarta (
Dreamland Library) - For months Captain Hans Berekoven roamed the waters of the Java Sea in the mid-1990s. He commanded the Australian Navy seismic survey ship, which works for two international oil companies, Arco and Conoco. Seismic surveys are a common method for examining subsurface structures, especially those related to oil, natural gas and other mineral exploration.
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"Wow, how shallow the Java Sea is. The depth is about 60 meters everywhere. According to my scientific knowledge, there must be a dry plain during the Ice Age here," Hans said at the end of October in Jakarta.
The Java Sea is part of the Sunda Exposure that was submerged after the Ice Age ended. Sundanese Exposure is a stretch of land that is an extension to the south of the plains of Southeast Asia. Most of the plains are now covered by shallow seas, including the South China Sea, the Gulf of Thailand and the Java Sea, with an average depth of less than 100 meters.
Exposure area is estimated at 1.8 million square kilometers. During the Ice Age, which lasted thousands of years ago to end abruptly 12 thousand years ago, all exposure was at sea level. This can be seen from the remnants of the river channel that has been recognized. One path crosses north to the South China Sea. One route to the east to the Sunda Shelf and the Flores Canal. The existence of this exposure was first reported by G.W. Earl in 1845.
Hans already knew about this exposure and some scientists' estimates that this was the speculation of Atlantis, the city of legend mentioned by the philosophers of Plato in Timaeus and Critias, located. Hans has compared the results of research conducted by several scientists, including the analysis of Arysio Santos and Stephen Oppenheimer in Eden in the East, regarding the Ice Age.
According to Hans, the Ice Age occurred because of the volcanic eruption in Sumatra 70,000 years ago. Lake Toba is the remaining crater of this eruption. Its volcanic ash is thrown into the atmosphere and surrounds the world, which prevents sunlight from entering and results in a global temperature drop. The Arctic ice cap widens south to 50 degrees North Latitude. Most of Europe is covered with a thick layer of ice, which in some parts reaches a thickness of two thousand meters.
"When the world's climate is very cold, the Asian region is very warm and fertile. Sea levels are 150 meters lower than they are now. This is encouraging nomadic humans in China, India and other Asian regions to migrate to the Sunda Exposure, so this exposure becomes a center of concentration civilization, "Hans said.
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The limited fertile land in the Sunda Exposure forced the nomadic tribes to change their culture, from a nomadic nation to a resident nation that developed ways of farming and raising animals. "So agriculture and animal husbandry are found here, in Indonesia, not in Mesopotamia," he said. During this organized civilization is considered the first time developing in Mesopotamia in 5,500 years ago.
However, after lasting more than 60 thousand years, the Ice Age suddenly ended. Ice melted on a large scale that began 10 thousand years before Christ. Why is that? Scientists differ on the answer. Hans chose the asteroid impact theory. In this theory, a giant asteroid is thought to have hit the coast of North America in the Atlantic Ocean 12,000 years ago. This eruption resulted in global warming which melted the Arctic ice cap, which caused flash floods that submerged some of the Sundanese Exposure.
The sinking of some of these fertile areas drowned the signs of early civilization in Asia. How far the civilization has developed is also unknown. However, from the seismic data obtained when investigating the Java Sea, Hans saw signs of the beginning of civilization. The problem, he said, was that the data focused on 1,000 meters below the seabed. "But, if you manipulate the data with special software, you can see the 'bump' of 10 meters, although it is blurred and the quality is not good," Hans said.
In addition, he said, the survey was conducted not at the best points, namely along the ancient river at the bottom of the Java Sea. "Because my data are inadequate and the oil company also has a different mission and is concerned about the data, I decided to research it myself," he said.
Hans Berekoven then spent his annual bonus money and his 2,000 fine Morinos wool to buy a Southern Sun ship and sail to the Java Sea. He and his wife, Rose, and their two children, Tristan, 15, and Hannah, 8, left for Bali, where they built a base for refueling, supplies and schools for their two children in 2005.
The Sunda Exposure Archeology Project, as the project is called, uses a 19 meter long vessel equipped with sonar equipment and a long distance mini submarine. The sonar can record an area of 200 square meters and a depth of around 60 meters. The mini-submarine helps to record and approach objects in the sea. "I run it like a farmer working on the fields, piece by piece, to map the surface of the sea floor," Hans said.
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He then approached the Indonesian Institute of Sciences and the Indonesian government to help with his efforts. Initially, according to him, Indonesia was less interested in the offer. "Later, the Indonesians agreed that the project must use their large research vessel," he said.
The text of the collaboration between the National Spatial Survey and Mapping Coordinating Board (Bakosurtanal) and Southern Sun Sonar and Mapping was signed on March 22, 2006 by Bakosurtanal Chief Secretary Sukendra Martha and Hans Berekoven. The problem, said Hans, is using a large boat and then the costs will increase. "I don't have enough funds for that," he said. Finally the cooperation was canceled.
Unable to obtain a survey permit from the Indonesian government, Hans and his small ship, Southern Sun, turned to Malaysia and built a base in Miri, Sarawak. Hans and Rose are now exploring the waters of Malaysia and Kalimantan. But Hans is still convinced that the evidence of ancient civilization is stored behind a mud pile at the bottom of the Java Sea.
This conviction grew thicker when he heard about the discovery of an ancient city under water in the Gulf of Cambay on the west coast of India in 2002. He was soon there. The National Institute of Ocean Technology, the Indian government-owned agency that handles marine research, has conducted surveys with sonar in Cambay Bay since 1999. Badrinaryan, head of the research team, noted that he discovered unusual forms of sonar imagery. "The shapes of circles and squares in the geometric order could not exist in the sea," Badrinaryan wrote on the Graham Hancock site, a site which contains many analyzes of the mysteries of ancient civilizations.
The artifact is at a depth of 40 meters and 20 kilometers from the coast. What is surprising is the results of carbon testing for determining the age of the artifact, which was carried out by several institutions in India; Oxford University, United Kingdom; and Hannover, Germany. Some of these artifact objects prey until 19 thousand years ago, which means they are in the Ice Age. Some pottery shards studied by Oxford University are estimated to have been 16 thousand years old. This makes it the oldest pottery, which shifts Jomon's pottery position from Fukui Cave in Kyushu, Japan, which is 12 thousand years old.
The findings also reveal that ancient civilizations in the Gulf of Cambay were able to make pottery and burn it 16 thousand years ago. They have also built cities on the banks of the river and houses in an orderly arrangement. In the ancient city also found seeds of food that has become fossilized, which shows that they do agricultural cultivation. Hans twice went to India and photographed the artifacts. "Mesopotamia as the oldest civilization has no meaning now," he said.
"The city under the sea of Cambay Bay is a part of the continent that sank in the Ice Age. Every country has something like this and Indonesia has the largest share," Hans said. He still hopes his ship, the Southern Sun, can scan the Java Sea and find an ancient city at its base.
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Sources; http://segalaberita.com/index.php/features/knowing/671-ada-kota-purba-yang-tenggel-di-dalam-laut-jawa
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