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Jakarta (
DreamLandLibrary) - invites PPKI (Indonesian Independence Preparatory Committee - in Japanese: Dokuritsu Zyunbi Inkai) should not be separated from BPUPKI (Indonesian Independence Preparatory Preparatory Efforts Agency - in Japanese: Dokuritsu Junbi Chōsa-kai) who wants to be visited first .
August 7, 1945. This body is asking for help for anyone to solve the past state administration problem.
Then BPUPKI was dissolved by Japan, on the same date, August 7, 1945.
The PPKI Session was first made in order to ratify the Constitution which had been previously drafted in the BPUPKI session, July 1945.
Initially the PPKI consisted of 21 people (12 from Java, 3 from Sumatra, 2 from Sulawesi, 1 from Kalimantan, 1 from Nusa Tenggara, 1 from Maluku, 1 from Chinese). The initial composition of PPKI members is as follows:
- Ir. Soekarno (Ketua)
- Drs. Moh. Hatta (Wakil Ketua)
- Prof. Mr. Dr. Soepomo (anggota)
- KRT Radjiman Wedyodiningrat (anggota)
- R. P. Soeroso (anggota)
- Soetardjo Kartohadikoesoemo (anggota)
- Kiai Abdoel Wachid Hasjim (anggota)
- Ki Bagus Hadikusumo (anggota)
- Otto Iskandardinata (anggota)
- Abdoel Kadir (anggota)
- Pangeran Soerjohamidjojo (anggota)
- Pangeran Poerbojo (anggota)
- Dr. Mohammad Amir (anggota)
- Mr. Abdul Maghfar (anggota)
- Teuku Mohammad Hasan
- Dr. GSSJ Ratulangi (anggota)
- Andi Pangerang (anggota)
- A.A. Hamidhan (anggota)
- I Goesti Ketoet Poedja (anggota)
- Mr. Johannes Latuharhary (anggota)
- Drs. Yap Tjwan Bing (anggota)
Furthermore, unbeknownst to Japan, membership increased by 6 namely:
- Achmad Soebardjo (Penasihat)
- Sajoeti Melik (anggota)
- Ki Hadjar Dewantara (anggota)
- R.A.A. Wiranatakoesoema (anggota)
- Kasman Singodimedjo (anggota)
- Iwa Koesoemasoemantri (anggota)
On 8 August 1945, as the new PPKI leaders, Sukarno, Hatta and Radjiman Wedyodiningrat were invited to Dalat to meet Marshal Terauchi.
Matters discussed, and amended at the hearing on 18 August 1945
- The word Mukadimah is replaced by the preamble
- The first precept is "Godhead with the obligation to carry out Islamic law for his adherents" changed to "God Almighty"
- Article 28 of the 1945 Constitution which reads "State based on Divinity with the obligation to carry out Islamic law for its adherents" was changed to article 29 of the 1945 Constitution namely "Nagara based on Godhead"
- In Article 6 Paragraph (1) which originally reads the President is a native Indonesian and Muslim is replaced by the President is a native Indonesian.
PPKI Sessions:
August 18, 1945 trial
- August 18, 1945 trial
- Ratify the 1945 Constitution. Select and appoint Sukarno as President and Drs. Mohammad Hatta as Vice President.
- The temporary task of the President is assisted by the Central Indonesian National Committee before the formation of the MPR and the DPR.
August 19, 1945 trial
- PPKI held its second session on August 19, 1945.
- Form 12 Ministries and 4 State Ministers
- Form Local Government. Indonesia is divided into 8 provinces led by a governor.
August 22, 1945 session
- Establish an Indonesian National Committee. Main article: Central Indonesian National Committee
- Forming the Indonesian National Party. Main article: Indonesian National Party
- Establish a People's Security Agency. The formation of the People's Security Agency (BKR) aims to avoid provoking hostility with foreign troops in Indonesia. BKR members are a group of former PETA members, Heiho, Seinendan, Keibodan, and the like.
The Other Side (Not the Good of Japan)
PPKI was formed to attract the sympathy of groups in Indonesia, to be willing to help Japan in the Pacific War, whose position has been increasingly pressed since 1943. They also promised to give Indonesia independence through the 'Kyoto Agreement'.
When Russia joined the Allies and invaded Japan from Manchuria, the Japanese government accelerated Indonesian independence, which BPUPKI planned for September 17, 1945.
On August 9, 1945 Soekarno, Hatta and Radjiman Wediodiningrat were invited to Dalath, + 300 km north of Saigon, the seat of General Terauchi, commander of the entire Japanese army in Southeast Asia.
The purpose of calling the three figures is to symbolically appoint Ir. Soekarno as chairman of the PPKI, and Drs. Moh. Hatta as the vice chairman. The inauguration ceremony took place on August 12, 1945 when they arrived in Dalat, preceded by a short speech by Terauchi (Approving the creation of a puppet state, red) stating that the Japanese government in Tokyo decided to grant independence to Indonesia.
The contents of the conversation between the three Indonesian leaders with General Terauchi:
- The Japanese government decided to grant independence to Indonesia as soon as preparations for independence were completed and gradually started from Java and then to other islands.
- The implementation of independence was handed over to PPKI and it was agreed on August 18, 1945.
- Indonesian territory will cover the entire former Dutch East Indies.
On August 14, 1945 the three returned to Jakarta, because Japan faced US bombings in Hirosima and Nagasaki.
Soekarno, Hatta, and Radjiman's trip back to Jakarta, stopped in Singapore one night. Arriving in Jakarta welcomed by the people. At that time Sukarno made a short speech as follows:
"If a while ago I said that it would be independent before the corn crop would bear fruit, now I say to you that Indonesia will be independent before the plant blooms."
After the meeting (meeting with Terauchi, ed), PPKI was unable to work because the youths urged that the proclamation of independence not be carried out on behalf of PPKI, which was considered a Japanese-made tool. Even the plan for the August 16, 1945 meeting could not be carried out because of the Rengasdengklok incident.
The freedom fighters were involved in the pros and cons of the bombings in Hirosima and Nagasaki. Where young people believe that Japan is almost outdone, while the older groups continue to take the position to submit decisions to PPKI.
This attitude was not agreed upon by young people, because they considered PPKI to be a Japanese puppet and did not approve the birth of the proclamation of independence in the manner promised by General Terauchi at a meeting in Dalath.
The young group wants the implementation of the proclamation of independence in their own strength, completely separated from the Japanese government.
While Soekarno-Hatta argued that the matter of Indonesian independence that came from the Japanese government or from the results of the struggle of the Indonesian people themselves did not matter, because Japan had already lost.
Sukarno saw it more tactical and strategic, because it would face the Allies who were trying to restore Dutch power in Indonesia.
Therefore to proclaim Indonesia's independence, an organized revolution was needed. They wanted to discuss the proclamation of independence in the Indonesian Independence Preparatory Committee meeting.
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Sources: From Various Sources
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